I don’t know what you did, but in all my years with bearing yoyos I’ve never seen or heard of lube damaging a bearing. Just seems very unlikely that was the cause. Too much lube will increase the response and slow it down faster but this is easily fixed with a good cleaning.
For advice on how to apply lube check here: Useful modification & maintenance guides - Axles,Clean, repair, tune, fix yoyos
Items here will explain how to remove the shields for cleaning and lubing, as well as other fun tidbits of useful information.